{"id":39582,"date":"2025-06-23T12:57:30","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T10:57:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/myomas-and-their-implications-on-female-infertility\/"},"modified":"2025-09-29T16:49:00","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T14:49:00","slug":"myomas-and-their-implications-on-female-infertility","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/myomas-and-their-implications-on-female-infertility\/","title":{"rendered":"Myomas and their implications on female infertility"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A uterine myoma is the most frequent benign tumour in the female reproductive system. It would be\u00a0<strong>very rare for a uterine myoma to become malignant<\/strong>. A myoma is a tumour made of smooth muscle cells and is also known as a fibroma, leiomyoma or fibromyoma.<\/p>\n<p>Females are approximately\u00a0<strong>40%-50% likely to develop a myoma<\/strong>\u00a0over the course of their reproductive years.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Tabla de contenidos<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #3f3f3f;color:#3f3f3f\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #3f3f3f;color:#3f3f3f\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/myomas-and-their-implications-on-female-infertility\/#What_can_cause_myomas\" >What can cause myomas?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/myomas-and-their-implications-on-female-infertility\/#What_relationship_is_there_between_myomas_and_infertility\" >What relationship is there between myomas and infertility?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/myomas-and-their-implications-on-female-infertility\/#Treatment_for_uterine_myomas_and_fertility\" >Treatment for uterine myomas and fertility<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_can_cause_myomas\"><\/span>What can cause myomas?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Risk factors for developing myomas<\/strong>\u00a0include biological inheritance, race (myomas are more frequent in Black women), obesity, being close in age to menopause and high levels of oestrogen and progesterone.<\/p>\n<p>Diagnosing a myoma is done by performing a\u00a0<strong>physical e<\/strong><strong>xamination, an endovaginal ultrasound and an abdominal ulrasound<\/strong>, which are considered to be the \u201cgold standard\u201d of myoma diagnosis and monitoring. The transvaginal ultrasound is about 95-100% accurate when it comes to detecting small uterine myomas.<\/p>\n<p>A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/diagnostic-hysteroscopy-in-assisted-reproduction\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>diagnostic hysteroscopy<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0may also be necessary: this is the technique of choice for assessing submucosal and intracavitary myomas so that a surgical approach can be evaluated. Finally, an MRI is the best imaging tool to determine the size and location of a myoma, although it\u2019s also the most expensive. It\u2019s generally the test of choice to assess a surgical indication or to diagnose adenomyosis and\/or sarcomas.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_relationship_is_there_between_myomas_and_infertility\"><\/span>What relationship is there between myomas and infertility?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Myomas can be found in 5-10% of patients battling infertility, but sterility or infertility caused by myomas is a controversial topic which is still under discussion. It is only recognised as the sole<strong>\u00a0cause of infertility in less than 3% of cases<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>At present there is a consensus that the location of myomas within the uterine cavity is a key factor when it comes to their\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/female-infertility-conditions-and-diseases-that-can-cause-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>negative impact on fertility<\/strong><\/a>. Myomas that distort the uterine cavity (submucosal or intramural myomas with an intracavitary component), make it more difficult to conceive and also increase the likelihood of miscarriage.<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0<strong>mechanisms which cause infertility<\/strong>\u00a0would be:<\/p>\n<p>Interference in gamete transport:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Abnormal cervical anatomy<\/li>\n<li>Stretched and deformed uterine cavity<\/li>\n<li>Obstruction of the entrance to the fallopian tubes<\/li>\n<li>Fallopian tube or ovarian deformities that interfere with catching the released egg<\/li>\n<li>Increase in uterine contractions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Implantation failure:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Distortion of endometrial blood vessels<\/li>\n<li>Secretion of intracavitary fluids<\/li>\n<li>Secretion of vasoactive substances and local inflammatory factors<\/li>\n<li>Increased estrogen levels in the endometrium<\/li>\n<li>Increase in uterine contractions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There are several classifications for myoma location.\u00a0<strong>The location of a myoma is the factor that has the greatest impact on fertility<\/strong>. Intracavitary and\/or submucosal myomas are associated with reduced fertility and an increased risk of miscarriage (NE: Ib-A). Intramural myomas may be associated with reduced fertility and greater chances of miscarriage (NE: III). Finally, subserosal myomas do not seem to have any impact on reproductive outcomes (NE: III).<\/p>\n<p>In terms of the rest of the parameters to be assessed, such as myoma size and\/or number,\u00a0<strong>their etiological role in infertility is still unclear<\/strong>\u00a0and the management of intramural myomas is the topic that sparks the most debate.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Treatment_for_uterine_myomas_and_fertility\"><\/span>Treatment for uterine myomas and fertility<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>When treating a myoma has been advised, the treatment of choice is surgical intervention (generally performed through laparoscopy, abdominal surgery or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/diagnostic-hysteroscopy-in-assisted-reproduction\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>hysteroscopy depending on its location<\/strong><\/a>), rather than medical or expectant management.<\/p>\n<p>With the evidence that is currently available, there is debate around the advantages of treating intramural myomas in patients with unexplained infertility or recurrent miscarraige. However, there is<strong>\u00a0more evidence in favour of treating them<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This is because the myomectomy by hysteroscopy significantly reduces the risk of miscarriage in these women compared to those who opt for expectant management. In addition,\u00a0<strong>pregnancy rates are higher after a myomectomy\u00a0<\/strong>in women who are not dealing with any other infertility issues.<\/p>\n<p>At present, new treatments are being utilised for women with a history of miscarriage and intramural myomas to\u00a0<strong>improve pregnancy rates<\/strong>, such as HIFU\/MRgFUS, laparoscopic or transvaginal radiofrequency volumetric thermal ablation (RFTVA), but clinical evidence has not yet been seen.<\/p>\n<p>Have you been diagnosed with a uterine myoma and are you concerned about your fertility?\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/contact\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Request an appointment with us to discuss your case<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0and we\u2019ll do everything possible to help you.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A uterine myoma is the most frequent benign tumour in the female reproductive system. It would be\u00a0very rare for a uterine myoma to become malignant. A myoma is a tumour made of smooth muscle cells and is also known as a fibroma, leiomyoma or fibromyoma. Females are approximately\u00a040%-50% likely to develop a myoma\u00a0over the course [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":34160,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[497,501],"tags":[528,512,529,543,542,518,508,513,639,640,510,641,642,506,535,505],"class_list":["post-39582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fertility-problems","category-lifestyle-and-fertility-en","tag-assisted-reproduction","tag-assisted-reproduction-clinic-in-malaga","tag-causes-of-infertility","tag-centro-gutenberg-en","tag-clinic-gutenberg-en","tag-fertility-clinic","tag-fertility-clinic-in-malaga","tag-fertility-treatments-in-malaga","tag-fibroma-en","tag-fibromioma-en","tag-ivf-clinic-in-malaga","tag-leiomyoma","tag-myomas","tag-pregnancy","tag-reproduction-unit-gutenberg-centre","tag-ure-centro-gutenberg-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39582"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39582\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39583,"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39582\/revisions\/39583"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urecentrogutenberg.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}